Detection of Viable but Nonculturable E. coli Induced by Low-Level Antimicrobials Using AI-Enabled Hyperspectral Microscopy

Rapid detection of bacterial pathogens is essential for food safety and public health, yet bacteria can evade detection by entering a viable but nonculturable (VBNC) state under sublethal stress, such as antimicrobial residues.These bacteria remain active but undetectable by standard culture-based methods without GSPOT extensive enrichment, necessi

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